Medical Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology

Toxicokinetics and Toxicodynamics

Toxicokinetics refers to the processes of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination of toxins, while toxicodynamics explores the biological effects and mechanisms of action of toxic substances. Together, they help predict the onset, severity, and duration of toxic effects. Advances in computational modeling, in vitro assays, and imaging techniques enhance understanding of these mechanisms, aiding risk assessment and improving the development of antidotes, therapeutics, and strategies to manage toxic exposure.